Dinosaur fossils & 3D skeletons › Giganotosaurus
Giganotosaurus Fossil & 3D Skeleton
Giganotosaurus carolinii
- Age
- Cretaceous, about 111.7 million years ago
- Found in
- Argentina
- Length
- 11.2 m
- Height
- 3.5 m
- Estimated mass
- about 6.1 t
- Group
- Carcharodontosaur relative
How this 3D skeleton was made
This 3D model is a reconstruction. Most bone shapes (127 of 259) are borrowed from close relatives and fitted to this species' size and body proportions. The bone shapes are not the actual shapes of this species' fossils. 12 bones were shaped from photos or figures of this species' own fossils. 120 are estimated.
From this species 12Borrowed from relatives 127Estimated 120
Bones known from fossils
155 of 259 bones are known from fossils. 104 are missing and filled in.
Known 155Filled in 104No record 0
Tap a bone on the 3D page to see where each bone shape came from.
Sources
- 3D Skeleton: Bone shapes were borrowed from the "Allosaurus" model (T5). Since there are no direct measurements of body part lengths for this species, its size was determined from the 1320 mm femur of one specimen (MUCPv-Ch 1) in the table by Benson et al. (2018); the shin was matched to the bone length of the same specimen, while the proportions of the rest of the body remain as in the model. The individual bone shapes are not from this species, but from the model species. Source of the model skeleton: 3D Skeleton: Created on this site. Bone shapes were traced from outlines in plate photographs and text illustrations from Gilmore 1920 (Bulletin of the United States National Museum 110, public domain; named Antrodemus valens at the time), and sizes were matched to the measurement table in the same book (nearly complete specimen USNM 4734). The neck vertebrae were made into a single part from a single illustration showing them connected. The shapes of fingers, toes, ribs, chevrons under the tail, etc., were estimated. Pose (2026-09-30): The bone orientations from Pacheco et al. 2019 PeerJ (CC BY) Fig. 1H (full skeletal diagram/walking pose of Gnathovorax) were read pixel by pixel and used as is (front leg: femur 50 degrees forward, shin 46 degrees backward, instep 24 degrees forward; back leg: femur 12 degrees backward, shin 67 degrees backward, instep 16 degrees forward; arm: upper arm 40 degrees backward, forearm 66 degrees forward). Since the diagram shows only one arm, the far arm was swung slightly forward (estimated). The height of both foot soles was leveled by finding the angle of the back leg's shin (and instep, if needed). The sideways turn of the neck and sideways bend of the tail are estimated (the diagram is only a side view). Rather than an illustration of this species walking, bone orientations were applied from illustrations of related species with the same walking style. The neck was turned slightly sideways and the tail bent sideways (the extent of the angle is estimated; the diagram is only a side view).
- Known bones: Per-species bone table from Cashmore, Butler & Maidment (2021) (Zenodo 5029952, CC0). Because vertebrae are recorded as "at least one found" per section (neck, back, hips, and tail), bones within each section share the same color.
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