《雷金之歌》的原典
Reginsmál
通过顶部按钮选择要阅读的原文或译文。你的选择会被保存,并用于本站所有原典页面。
古诺尔斯语原文采用冰岛学者 Guðni Jónsson 编订版本的规范拼写。
"Hvat er þat fiska,
er renn flóði í,
kann-at sér við víti varask?
Höfuð þitt
leystu helju ór,
finn mér lindar loga."
Geddan kvað:
"Andvari ek heiti,
Óinn hét minn faðir,
margan hef ek fors of farit;
aumlig norn
skóp oss í árdaga,
at ek skylda í vatni vaða."
Loki kvað:
"Segðu þat, Andvari,
ef þú eiga vill
líf í lýða sölum,
hver gjöld fáa
gumna synir,
ef þeir höggvask orðum á?"
Andvari kvað:
"Ofrgjöld fáa
gumna synir,
þeir er Vaðgelmi vaða;
ósaðra orða,
hverr er á annan lýgr,
oflengi leiða limar."
Loki sá allt gull þat, er Andvari átti. En er hann hafði framreitt gullit, þá hafði hann eftir einn hring, ok tók Loki þann af hánum. Dvergrinn gekk inn í steininn ok mælti:
"Þat skal gull,
er Gustr átti,
bræðrum tveim
at bana verða
ok öðlingum
átta at rógi;
mun míns féar
manngi njóta."
Æsir reiddu Hreiðmari féit ok tráðu upp otrbelginn ok reistu á fætr. Þá skyldu æsirnir hlaða upp gullinu ok hylja. En er þat var gört, gekk Hreiðmarr fram ok sá eitt granahár ok bað hylja. Þá dró Óðinn fram hringinn Andvaranaut ok hulði hárit. Loki kvað:
"Gull er þér nú reitt,
en þú gjöld hefir
mikil míns höfuðs;
syni þínum
verðr-a sæla sköpuð;
þat verðr ykkarr beggja bani."
Hreiðmarr sagði:
"Gjafar þú gaft,
gaft-at-tu ástgjafar,
gaft-at-tu af heilum hug;
fjörvi yðru
skylduð ér firrðir vera,
ef ek vissa ek þat fár fyrir."
Loki kvað:
"Enn er verra
- þat vita þykkjumk -
niðja stríð of neppt;
jöfra óborna
hygg ek þá enn vera
er þat er til hatrs hugat."
Hreiðmarr kvað:
"Rauðu gulli
hygg ek mik ráða munu,
svá lengi sem ek lifi;
hót þín
hræðumk ekki lyf,
of haldið heim heðan."
Fáfnir ok Reginn kröfðu Hreiðmarr niðgjalda eftir Otr bróður sinn. Hann kvað nei við. En Fáfnir lagði sverði Hreiðmar, föður sinn, sofanda. Hreiðmarr kallaði á dætr sínar:
"Lyngheiðr ok Lofnheiðr,
vitið mínu lífi farit,
mart er þat, er þörf þéar."
Lyngheiðr sagði:
"Fá mun systir,
þótt föður missi,
hefna hlýra harms."
Hreiðmarr kvað:
"Al þú þó dóttur,
dís ulfhuguð,
ef þú getr-at son
við siklingi;
fá mey mann
í meginþarfar;
þá mun þeirar sonr
þíns harms reka."
Þá dó Hreiðmarr, en Fáfnir tók gullit allt. Þá beiddist Reginn at hafa föðurarf sinn, en Fáfnir galt þar nei við. Þá leitaði Reginn ráða við Lyngheiði, systur sína, hvernig hann skyldi heimta föðurarf sinn. Hon kvað:
"Bróður kveðja
skaltu blíðliga
arfs ok æðra hugar;
er-a þat hæft,
at þú hjörvi skylir
kveðju Fáfni féar."
Þessa hluti sagði Reginn Sigurði. Einn dag, er hann kom til húsa Regins, var hánum vel fagnat. Reginn kvað:
"Kominn er hingat
konr Sigmundar,
seggr inn snarráði,
til sala várra,
móð hefir meira
en maðr gamall,
ok er mér fangs ván
at frekum ulfi.
Ek mun fæða
folkdjarfan gram;
nú er Yngva konr
með oss kominn;
sjá mun ræsir
ríkstr und sólu;
þrymr um öll lönd
örlögsímu."
Sigurðr var þá jafnan með Regin, ok sagði hann Sigurði, at Fáfnir lá á Gnitaheiði ok var í orms líki. Hann átti ægishjalm, er öll kvikendi hræddust við. Reginn gerði Sigurði sverð, er Gramr hét. Þat var svá hvasst, at hann brá því ofan í Rín ok lét reka ullarlagð fyrir straumi ok tók í sundr lagðinn sem vatnit. Því sverði klauf Sigurðr í sundr steðja Regins. Eftir þat eggjaði Reginn Sigurð at vega Fáfni. Hann sagði:
"Hátt munu hlæja
Hundings synir,
þeir er Eylima
aldrs synjuðu,
ef meir tyggja
munar at sækja
hringa rauða
en hefnd föður."
Hjálprekr konungr fekk Sigurði skipalið til föðurhefnda. Þeir fengu storm mikinn ok beittu fyrir bergsnös nökkura. Maðr einn stóð á berginu ok kvað:
"Hverir ríða þar
Ræfils hestum
hávar unnir,
haf glymjanda?
Seglvigg eru
sveita stokkin,
mun-at vágmarar
vind of standask."
Reginn svaraði:
"Hér ro vér Sigurðr
á sætréum;
er oss byrr gefinn
við bana sjalfan;
fellr brattr breki
bröndum hæri,
hlunnvigg hrapa.
Hverr spyrr at því?"
Maðr kvað:
"Hnikar hétu mik,
þá er hugin gladdak
Völsungr ungi,
ok vegit hafðak;
nú máttu kalla
karl af bergi
Fengi eða Fjölni;
far vil ek þiggja."
Þeir viku at landi, ok gekk karl á skip, ok lægði þá veðrit. Sigurðr kvað:
"Segðu mér þat, Hnikarr,
alls þá hvárttveggja veizt
goða heill ok guma:
hver bözt eru,
ef berjask skal,
heill at sverða svipun."
Hnikarr kvað:
"Mörg eru góð,
ef gumar vissi,
heill at sverða svipun;
dyggva fylgju
hygg ek ins dökkva vera
hrottameiði hrafns.
Þat er annat,
ef þú ert út of kominn
ok ert á braut búinn,
tvá þú lítr
á tái standa
hróðrfúsa hali.
Þat er it þriðja,
ef þú þjóta heyrir
ulf und asklimum;
heilla auðit
verðr þér af hjalmstöfum,
ef þú sér þá fyrri fara.
Engr skal gumna
í gögn vega
síð skínandi
systur Mána;
þeir sigr hafa,
er séa kunnu,
hjörleiks hvatir,
eða hamalt fylkja.
Þat er fár mikit,
ef þú fæti drepr,
þars þú at vígi veðr;
tálar dísir
standa þér á tvær hliðar
ok vilja þik sáran sjá.
Kembður ok þveginn
skal kænna hverr
ok at morgni mettr,
því at ósýnt er,
hvar at aftni kemr;
illt er fyr heill at hrapa."
Sigurðr átti orrostu mikla við Lyngva Hundingsson ok bræðr hans. Þar fell Lyngvi ok þeir þrír bræðr. Eftir orrostu kvað Reginn:
"Nú er blóðugr örn
bitrum hjörvi
bana Sigmundar
á baki ristinn;
engr var fremri,
sá er fold ryði,
hilmis arfi,
ok hugin gladdi."
Heim fór Sigurðr til Hjálpreks. Þá eggjaði Reginn Sigurð til at vega Fáfni.
亨利·亚当斯·贝洛斯1923年英译,已进入公有领域;诗节编号可能与原文不同。
Sigurth went to Hjalprek's stud and chose for himself a horse, who thereafter was called Grani. At that time Regin, the son of Hreithmar, was come to Hjalprek's home; he was more ingenious than all other men, and a dwarf in stature; he was wise, fierce and skilled in magic. Regin undertook Sigurth's bringing up and teaching, and loved him much. He told Sigurth of his forefathers, and also of this: that once Othin and Hönir and Loki had come to Andvari's waterfall, and in the fall were many fish. Andvari was a dwarf, who had dwelt long in the waterfall in the shape of a pike, and there he got his food. "Otr was the name of a brother of ours," said Regin, "who often went into the fall in the shape of an otter; he had caught a salmon, and sat on the high bank eating it with his eyes shut. Loki threw a stone at him and killed him; the gods thought they had had great good luck, and stripped the skin off the otter. That same evening they sought a night's lodging at Hreithmar's house, and showed their booty. Then we seized them, and told them, as ransom for their lives, to fill the otter skin with gold, and completely cover it outside as well with red gold. Then they sent Loki to get the gold; he went to Ron and got her net, and went then to Andvari's fall and cast the net in front of the pike, and the pike leaped into the net." Then Loki said:
"What is the fish that runs in the flood,
And itself from ill cannot save?
If thy head thou wouldst from hell redeem,
Find me the water's flame."
Andvari spake: 2.
"Andvari am I, and Oin my father,
In many a fall have I fared;
An evil Norn in olden days
Doomed me in waters to dwell."
Loki spake: 3.
"Andvari, say, if thou seekest still
To live in the land of men,
What payment is set for the sons of men
Who war with lying words?"
Andvari spake: 4.
"A mighty payment the men must make
Who in Vathgelmir's waters wade;
On a long road lead the lying words
That one to another utters."
Loki saw all the gold that Andvari had. But when he had brought forth all the gold, he held back one ring, and Loki took this from him. The dwarf went into his rocky hole and said:
"Now shall the gold that Gust once had
Bring their death to brothers twain,
And evil be for heroes eight;
Joy of my wealth shall no man win."
The gods gave Hreithmar the gold, and filled up the otter-skin, and stood it on its feet. Then the gods had to heap up gold and hide it. And when that was done, Hreithmar came forward and saw a single whisker, and bade them cover it. Then Othin brought out the ring Andvaranaut and covered the hair. Then Loki said:
"The gold is given, and great the price
Thou hast my head to save; But fortune thy sons shall find not there,
The bane of ye both it is."
Hreithmar spake: 7.
"Gifts ye gave, but ye gave not kindly,
Gave not with hearts that were whole;
Your lives ere this should ye all have lost,
If sooner this fate I had seen."
Loki spake: 8.
"Worse is this that methinks I see,
For a maid shall kinsmen clash;
Heroes unborn thereby shall be,
I deem, to hatred doomed."
Hreithmar spake: 9.
"The gold so red shall I rule, methinks,
So long as I shall live;
Nought of fear for thy threats I feel,
So get ye hence to your homes."
Fafnir and Regin asked Hreithmar for a share of the wealth that was paid for the slaying of their brother, Otr. This he refused, and Fafnir thrust his sword through the body of his father, Hreithmar, while he was sleeping. Hreithmar called to his daughters:
"Lyngheith and Lofnheith, fled is my life,
And mighty now is my need!"
Lyngheith spake:
"Though a sister loses her father, seldom
Revenge on her brother she brings."
Hreithmar spake: 11.
"A daughter, woman with wolf's heart, bear,
If thou hast no son with the hero brave;
If one weds the maid, for the need is mighty,
Their son for thy hurt may vengeance seek."
Then Hreithmar died, and Fafnir took all the gold. Thereupon Regin asked to have his inheritance from his father, but Fafnir refused this. Then Regin asked counsel of Lyngheith, his sister, how he should win his inheritance. She said:
"In friendly wise the wealth shalt thou ask
Of thy brother, and better will;
Not seemly is it to seek with the sword
Fafnir's treasure to take."
All these happenings did Regin tell to Sigurth.
One day, when he came to Regin's house, he was gladly welcomed. Regin said:
"Hither the son of Sigmund is come,
The hero eager, here to our hall;
His courage is more than an ancient man's,
And battle I hope from the hardy wolf.
"Here shall I foster the fearless prince,
Now Yngvi's heir to us is come;
The noblest hero beneath the sun,
The threads of his fate all lands enfold."
"Loud will the sons of Hunding laugh,
Who low did Eylimi lay in death,
If the hero sooner seeks the red
Rings to find than his father's vengeance."
King Hjalprek gave Sigurth a fleet for the avenging of his father. They ran into a great storm, and were off a certain headland. A man stood on the mountain, and said:
"Who yonder rides on Rævil's steeds,
O'er towering waves and waters wild?
The sail-horses all with sweat are dripping,
Nor can the sea-steeds the gale withstand."
Regin answered: 17.
"On the sea-trees here are Sigurth and I,
The storm wind drives us on to our death;
The waves crash down on the forward deck,
And the roller-steeds sink; who seeks our names?"
The Man spake: 18.
"Hnikar I was when Volsung once
Gladdened the ravens and battle gave;
Call me the Man from the Mountain now,
Feng or Fjolnir; with you will I fare."
"Hnikar, say, for thou seest the fate
That to gods and men is given;
What sign is fairest for him who fights,
And best for the swinging of swords?"
Hnikar spake: 20.
"Many the signs, if men but knew,
That are good for the swinging of swords;
It is well, methinks, if the warrior meets
A raven black on his road.
"Another it is if out thou art come,
And art ready forth to fare,
To behold on the path before thy house
Two fighters greedy of fame.
"Third it is well if a howling wolf
Thou hearest under the ash;
And fortune comes if thy foe thou seest
Ere thee the hero beholds.
"A man shall fight not when he must face
The moon's bright sister setting late; Win he shall who well can see,
And wedge-like forms his men for the fray.
"Foul is the sign if thy foot shall stumble
As thou goest forth to fight;
Goddesses baneful at both thy sides
Will that wounds thou shalt get.
"Combed and washed shall the wise man go,
And a meal at morn shall take;
For unknown it is where at eve he may be;
It is ill thy luck to lose."
Sigurth had a great battle with Lyngvi, the son of Hunding, and his brothers; there Lyngvi fell, and his two brothers with him. After the battle Regin said:
"Now the bloody eagle with biting sword
Is carved on the back of Sigmund's killer;
Few were more fierce in fight than his son,
Who reddened the earth and gladdened the ravens."
Sigurth went home to Hjalprek's house; thereupon Regin egged him on to fight with Fafnir.
本简体中文译文由 AI 根据古诺尔斯语原文翻译,并参考英文译文。
“那是什么鱼,
在流水中游走,
却不知提防灾祸?
要从死亡手里
赎回你的头颅,
就给我找来泉水的火焰。”
梭鱼说道:
“我名叫安德瓦利,
我父亲名叫奥因,
我曾游过许多瀑布;
狠毒的诺伦
在远古便为我定命,
要我终日在水中游荡。”
洛基说道:
“告诉我,安德瓦利,
倘若你还想
活在人间的厅堂,
世人的子孙
若以言辞互相攻讦,
将受到怎样的惩罚?”
安德瓦利说道:
“世人的子孙
涉过瓦德盖尔米尔河时,
将受到严酷的惩罚;
谁用虚妄的言辞
诬陷他人,
四肢便要长久受苦。”
洛基看见了安德瓦利所有的黄金。安德瓦利交出黄金时,留下了一枚指环,洛基也从他手中夺走了它。矮人走进岩石,说道:
“古斯特曾有的
这些黄金,
将使两兄弟
丧失性命,
也将使八位
王侯争斗;
我的财富,
无人能够享用。”
阿萨神族把财宝交给赫瑞德玛,将水獭皮塞满,竖立起来。接着,阿萨神族须把黄金堆在上面,将它完全盖住。做完之后,赫瑞德玛上前,看见还有一根胡须露着,便命他们盖住。奥丁于是拿出安德瓦拉诺特指环,盖住了那根毛。洛基说道:
“黄金如今已交给你,
你得到了
赎我头颅的厚礼;
你的儿子
却注定无福消受;
它将使你们两个丧命。”
赫瑞德玛说道:
“你虽给了礼物,
给的却不是情谊之礼,
也不是出于真心;
你们本该
被夺去性命,
倘若我早知这场灾祸。”
洛基说道:
“更坏的还在后头,
——我自以为知道——
亲族的灾难才略略提起;
那些王侯,
我想还没有出生,
仇恨便已为他们安排。”
赫瑞德玛说道:
“这赤色黄金,
我想我将掌有,
只要我还活着;
你的恫吓,
我丝毫不惧,
快从这里回家去吧。”
法夫尼尔和雷金向赫瑞德玛索要为他们兄弟奥特尔偿命的赎金份额。他拒绝了。法夫尼尔便趁父亲赫瑞德玛熟睡,用剑刺了他。赫瑞德玛呼唤自己的女儿:
“林海德与洛芬海德,
要知道,我的性命将尽,
迫切的需要使人不得不求助。”
林海德说道:
“姐妹纵然
失去了父亲,
也难向兄弟报此伤痛之仇。”
赫瑞德玛说道:
“狼心的女子,
那你就生个女儿,
倘若你不能与王侯
生下儿子;
为这姑娘择个丈夫,
以应这迫切的需要;
她的儿子便会
为你的伤痛复仇。”
赫瑞德玛随后死去,法夫尼尔拿走了全部黄金。雷金于是要求分得父亲的遗产,法夫尼尔却不肯给。雷金便向妹妹林海德求教,该怎样索回父亲留给自己的遗产。她说道:
“你应当和颜悦色地
向兄弟索求
遗产与更宽厚的心;
你若用剑
向法夫尼尔索要财宝,
那是不妥的。”
雷金把这些事情告诉了西格尔德。一天,西格尔德来到雷金家中,受到了热情的迎接。雷金说道:
“西格蒙德的后裔,
如今已来到这里,
这位果敢的勇士,
来到我们的厅堂;
他的勇气
胜过年长之人,
从这凶猛的狼身上,
我看到了搏杀的希望。
我将养育
这位临阵无畏的君王;
如今英格维的后裔
已来到我们中间;
这位君王将成为
普天之下最强大的人;
他命运之线的声威
将传遍所有国土。”
西格尔德此后常与雷金在一起。雷金告诉西格尔德,法夫尼尔盘踞在格尼塔荒原,化作了巨蛇。他有一顶恐惧之盔,一切生灵见了都害怕。雷金为西格尔德铸了一把剑,名叫格拉姆剑。这把剑极其锋利:西格尔德将它探入莱茵河,让一绺羊毛顺流漂来,剑便将羊毛如流水一般切开。西格尔德用这把剑劈开了雷金的铁砧。此后,雷金怂恿西格尔德杀死法夫尼尔。西格尔德说道:
“洪丁的儿子们
定会放声大笑,
正是他们夺去了
埃利米的性命,
倘若君王
更想求取
赤金的指环,
而不急于为父复仇。”
希亚尔普雷克国王给了西格尔德一支船队,让他为父复仇。他们遇上猛烈的风暴,迎风驶过一处岩岬。一人站在岩石上,说道:
“是谁在那里
骑着雷维尔的骏马,
越过高耸的波涛、
轰鸣的大海?
扬帆的骏马
已被汗水溅湿,
这些海湾之马
怕是挡不住狂风。”
雷金回答:
“是我和西格尔德
在这些海上之木上;
这风正把我们
送向死亡;
陡峭的浪头扑落,
高过船首,
滚木上的骏马直向下坠。
是谁在问?”
那人说道:
“年轻的沃尔松啊,
当我杀敌
使乌鸦欢欣之时,
人们叫我赫尼卡尔;
如今你可以把这
岩上的老人
叫作芬格或菲约尔尼尔;
我想搭你们的船。”
他们驶向岸边,老人登上了船,风暴便平息了。西格尔德说道:
“告诉我,赫尼卡尔,
既然你全都知道
神与人的吉兆:
若要交战,
在挥剑之时,
什么征兆最为吉祥?”
赫尼卡尔说道:
“挥剑之时,
有许多吉兆,
只要人们懂得;
在我看来,
漆黑的乌鸦
是持剑者忠实的随从。
还有第二个征兆:
当你走出屋外,
整装准备上路,
看见两位
渴求荣誉的勇士
站在门前的空地上。
第三个征兆是,
你听见狼
在白蜡树枝下长嚎;
倘若你先看见
那些戴盔的战士向前行进,
他们便会给你带来好运。
任何人都不该
迎着玛尼的姐姐
在暮时照来的光芒
与人交战;
那些目光清楚、
勇于挥剑搏杀,
或能布成楔形阵的人,
才会赢得胜利。
倘若你在
奔赴战斗时
绊了一跤,那便是大凶;
欺人的女神
站在你左右两侧,
盼着看你负伤。
每个明智的人
都应梳洗干净,
清晨吃饱肚子,
因为无人知道,
黄昏时会到哪里;
在好运到来前倒下,实在不妙。”
西格尔德与洪丁之子林维及其兄弟展开了一场大战。林维和那三兄弟都在那里阵亡。战后,雷金说道:
“如今,锋利的剑
已在西格蒙德的凶手
背上刻下
血淋淋的鹰;
没有人能胜过
这位君王的后嗣,
他使大地染红,
使乌鸦欢欣。”
西格尔德回到希亚尔普雷克那里。随后,雷金怂恿西格尔德去杀死法夫尼尔。